![]() ![]() Fluid produced in the choroid will make that layer swollen, but the fluid oozes up under the retina and accumulates there. Imagine the choroid – if that becomes inflamed there are many vessels that could leak. The swelling is from fluid leaking from blood vessels. If you have ever injured your elbow or knee you know the joint can become swollen. Problems can arise if the vessels in the choroid become excessively leaky. This layer is called the choroid, and the choroid has the highest blood flow per gram of tissue in the body. A dense network of blood vessels delivers oxygen to the retina from below. Instead the eye has a nice design feature. If the retina had enough blood vessels to supply this requirement we would have a difficult time seeing because of all the blood vessels. The retina has the highest need for oxygen in the body per gram of tissue. Excessive Leakage under the Retina: Exudative Retinal DetachmentĪ complicated net of blood vessels exists under the retina in a structure called the choroid. Once that happened people realized the retina could detach, and they saw the retina had tears, but thought the tears occurred because the retina was detached, not the other way around. It took many years to develop methods that allowed examination of the entire retina. There was no way to look into the eye until about 150 years ago. The link between retinal tears and detachments didn’t happen that long ago in medical history. Retinal tears leading to detachment is the most common form of retinal detachment leading to eye surgery. This type of retinal detachment has an excessively complicated name, a rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. Fluid from the vitreous cavity can come in through the hole and accumulate under the retina. Retinal Detachment Caused by a Retinal Defect: Rhegmatogenous Retinal DetachmentĮxcessive pulling, especially if concentrated to a small area, can cause the retina to tear. In some patients this pulling can be extreme and lead to detachment of the macula. In many patients the simple passage of time causes the vitreous to pull on the retina, at least a little. Many different conditions can lead to the same endpoint. Contraction of the scar tissue can pull the retina away from the back of the eye. Bleeding commonly leads to more scar tissue. Also since they contain blood vessels these fronds can also bleed. Eventually they contain more and more scar. At first these stalks look like treed or fans of seaweed. ![]() Some diseases, such as diabetes, cause blood vessels and cells similar to those found in scar tissue to grow into the middle parts of the eye from the retina. Retinal Detachment Caused by Pulling: Traction Retinal Detachment The third important way is there can be an excessive amount of fluid made under the retina by disease and the rising tide of fluid floats the retina away from the back of the eye. A second way is the retina can tear and fluid from the middle part of the eye can go under the retina this method combines pulling with fluid flows to cause the retina to separate from the back of the eye. There is no hole or tear in the retina, just brute force. One way is that it can be pulled by force. There are many different ways the retina can detach from the back of the eye. Since the retina gets much of its oxygen and nutrition from the tissue in the back of the eye, this can lead to significant harm to vision. Under some circumstances the retina can pull away from the back of the eye. The retina is not connected to the back of the eye in a firm way. This side vision is very important in functioning in the modern world. The rest of the retina supplies a lower resolution image that gives us the wide field of view we ordinarily have. Because of the structure of the macula and the cells that are there, the macula supplies sharp vision and also provides most of the color information being sent back to our brains. ![]() The part directly in the back of the eye is the macular region. It is the light sensitive structure that lines the back of the eye. The retina can be likened to film in a camera. ![]()
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